{"id":131,"date":"2013-07-15T10:55:43","date_gmt":"2013-07-15T09:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/?page_id=131"},"modified":"2020-12-16T11:23:47","modified_gmt":"2020-12-16T10:23:47","slug":"nevrites-optiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/20-maladies-frequentes\/nevrites-optiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Optic neuritis"},"content":{"rendered":"

These are acute or degenerative lesions of the optic nerve<\/a>.<\/span><\/h2>\n

We distinguish:<\/p>\n

\u2013 papillitis affecting the anterior part of the optic nerve,<\/p>\n

\u2013 retrobulbar optic neuritis where the nerve is affected behind the eyeball.<\/p>\n

1-Papillitis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

They result in a significant drop in visual acuity<\/strong>, a papilla with hemorrhages or exudates at the back of the eye.<\/p>\n

The causes are local-regional infections: sinuses, tonsils, teeth, etc. or general illnesses (diabetes, etc.).<\/p>\n

Treatment is based on antibiotics and corticosteroids.<\/p>\n

2-Retrobulbar optic neuritis:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve.<\/p>\n

The inflammation may be limited to the optic nerve head, which is the part located in the eyeball: it causes an inflammatory condition of the papilla (papillitis).<\/p>\n

In retrobulbar optic neuritis, the inflammation is behind the eyeball.<\/p>\n

The main cause of retrobulbar optic neuritis is multiple sclerosis (MS).<\/p>\n

Optic neuritis can be due to many other causes: tobacco and alcohol poisoning, vitamin B1 and B12 deficiencies, diabetes, ischemia, tumors, family illness (Leber's disease, etc.), certain viral diseases.<\/p>\n

Microbial (syphilis).<\/p>\n

Parasitic (toxoplasmosis).<\/p>\n

Due to a fungus (Candida Albicans).<\/p>\n

Vascular causes (arteriosclerosis for example) or systemic causes (lupus, etc.) are also possible.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Symptoms of the disease:<\/strong><\/p>\n

The onset is often acute; the loss of visual acuity, unilateral, is accompanied by headaches, sometimes some pain when moving the eyeballs.<\/p>\n

At the office, the Ophthalmologist:<\/p>\n

Will make the diagnosis at the back of the eye which shows either edema, or hemorrhage, or atrophy of the origin of the optic nerve (the papilla).<\/p>\n

The fundus may be normal at first but the visual field shows a central scotoma.<\/p>\n

Secondarily, the papilla becomes discolored, indicating optic atrophy.<\/p>\n

The decrease in visual acuity is severe.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Additional examinations<\/strong><\/p>\n

Diagnostic confirmation will be made by examination of visual evoked potentials and MRI as well as lumbar puncture.<\/p>\n

OCT\u00a0<\/a>sometimes reveals early signs.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Treatment :<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is that of the cause.<\/p>\n

We may propose treatment based on antibiotic therapy if there are signs of infection, antivirals, vitamins such as B1, B6, B12, arterial vasodilators, or even corticosteroids.<\/p>\n

Interferon beta and glatiramer acetate have proven their effectiveness in multiple sclerosis (fewer and less severe attacks, improvement of lesions visible on MRI, sometimes less progression of disability).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce sont les atteintes aigu\u00ebs ou d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives du\u00a0nerf optique. On distingue : – les papillites qui atteignent la partie ant\u00e9rieure du nerf optique, – les n\u00e9vrites optiques r\u00e9tro bulbaires o\u00f9 l’atteinte du nerf se fait en arri\u00e8re du globe oculaire. 1-Les papillites : Elles se traduisent par une baisse importante de\u00a0l’acuit\u00e9 visuelle, une papille avec […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":102,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-131","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1901,"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/131\/revisions\/1901"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vision-laser.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}